Effectiveness of arthroscopic binding fixation using suture through single bone tunnel for posterior cruciate ligament tibial insertion fracture in adults / 中国修复重建外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effectiveness of arthroscopic binding fixation using suture through single bone tunnel for posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) tibial insertion fractures in adults.@*METHODS@#Between October 2019 and October 2021, 16 patients with PCL tibial insertion fractures were treated with arthroscopic binding fixation using suture through single bone tunnel. There were 11 males and 5 females with an average age of 41.1 years (range, 26-58 years). The fractures were caused by traffic accident in 12 cases and sports in 4 cases. The time from injury to operation ranged from 2 to 10 days with an average of 6.0 days. The fractures were classified as Meyers-McKeever type Ⅱ in 4 cases and type Ⅲ in 9 cases, and Zaricznyi type Ⅳ in 3 cases. There were 2 cases of grade Ⅰ, 7 cases of grade Ⅱ, and 7 cases of grade Ⅲ in the posterior drawer test. There were 3 cases combined with lateral collateral ligament injury and 2 cases with meniscus injury. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score, and knee range of motion were used to evaluate knee joint function. The posterior drawer test and knee stability tester (Kneelax 3) were used to evaluate knee joint stability. The X-ray films were used to evaluate fracture reduction and healing.@*RESULTS@#All incisions healed by first intention after operation. There was no incision infection, popliteal neurovascular injury, or deep venous thrombosis of lower limbs. All patients were followed up 6-12 months, with an average of 10 months. X-ray films at 6 months after operation showed the fractures obtained bone union. There were 11 cases of grade 0, 4 cases of gradeⅠ, and 1 case of grade Ⅱin posterior drawer test, showing significant difference when compared with preoperative results ( Z=23.167, P<0.001). The VAS score, Lysholm score, IKDC score, knee range of motion, and the results of Kneelax3 examination all significantly improved when compared with preoperative results ( P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#For adult patients with PCL tibial insertion fractures, the arthroscopic binding fixation using suture through single bone tunnel has the advantages of minimal trauma, good fracture reduction, reliable fixation, and fewer complications. The patient's knee joint function recovers well.

Recent development on COX-2 inhibitors as promising anti-inflammatory agents: The past 10 years

Cyclooxygenases play a vital role in inflammation and are responsible for the production of prostaglandins. Two cyclooxygenases are described, the constitutive cyclooxygenase-1 and the inducible cyclooxygenase-2, for which the target inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Prostaglandins are a class of lipid compounds that mediate acute and chronic inflammation. NSAIDs are the most frequent choices for treatment of inflammation. Nevertheless, currently used anti-inflammatory drugs have become associated with a variety of adverse effects which lead to diminished output even market withdrawal. Recently, more studies have been carried out on searching novel selective COX-2 inhibitors with safety profiles. In this review, we highlight the various structural classes of organic and natural scaffolds with efficient COX-2 inhibitory activity reported during 2011-2021. It will be valuable for pharmaceutical scientists to read up on the current chemicals to pave the way for subsequent research.

Isoliquiritigenin can inhibit migration and invasion of human glioma stem cells by down-regulating matrix metalloproteinases / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of isoliquiritigenin on the migration and invasion of human glioma stem cells and the underlying mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The stem cell markers CD133 and Nestin in SHG44 human glioma stem cells were examined with immunofluorescence microscopy. The migration and invasion ability of glioma stem cells was determined by transwell method. The mRNA and protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were detected by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CD133 and Nestin were positive in SHG44 cells. The number of migrated cells in SHG44 cells treated with 20 and 80 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin for 48 h were significantly lower than that in control group (76±5 and 42±4 vs. 85±6, all <0.01), and the number of migrated cells in 80 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group was lower than that in 20 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group (<0.01). The numbers of cells crossing through membrane in 20 and 80 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin groups were 190±13 and 130±9, respectively, which were significantly lower than that in control group (230±14, all <0.01), and the number of crossed cells in the 80 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group was lower than that in 20 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group (<0.01). The mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were decreased compared with control group (<0.05 or <0.01), and the expression levels in 80 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group were lower than those in 20 μmol/L isoliquiritigenin group (<0.05 or <0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Isoliquiritigenin exhibits antitumor effects on glioma stem cells by inhibiting cell migration and invasion, which may be related to the down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9.</p>

Clinical efficacy of temozolomide and bevacizumab combined with concurrent radiotherapy in treatment of elderly patients with malignant glioma / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To observe the clinical effect of bevacizumab and temozolomide combined with concurrent radiotherapy for elderly patients with malignant brain glioma after the surgery . Methods A total of 55 patients in department of neurosurgery of Lanzhou Military Region General Hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 were enrolled. The patients were divided into control group and observation group. The 25 cases in the control group received radiotherapy and temozolomide. The 30 cases in the observation group received bevacizumab and temozolomide combined with concurrent radiotherapy. After treatment for 6 and 12 months, the clinical effects and adverse reactions of the two groups were compared byχ2 test, and the survival was compared by Log-rank test . Results Patients in the treatment group were followed up for 6 months after chemoradiotherapy, the response rate (RR) was 80 ％ (24/30), the disease control rate (DCR) was 97 ％ (29/30). The RR and DCR in the control group were 68 ％ (17/25) and 84 ％(21/25). There were significant differences between the two groups (χ2 values were 3.742 and 8.000, both P<0.05). After 12 months of follow-up, the RR and DCR in the treatment group were 40 ％ (12/30) and 80 ％(24/30), the control group were 16％(4/25) and 56％(14/25). There were significant differences between the two groups (χ2 values were 3.547 and 1.983, both P< 0.05). The adverse effect rates had no significant difference between the two groups (all P> 0.05). The 2-year survival rates in the treatment group and control group were 28.2 ％ and 11.0 ％, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 4.512, P = 0.034). Conclusions Temozolomide and bevacizumab combined with concurrent radiotherapy in treatment of malignant glioma is superior to temozolomide combined with radiotherapy, and bevacizumab is safe and has few side effects. It is a preferred treatment and is worthy of clinical promotion.

Determination of Chloramphenicol Residue in Animal Medicinal Herbs by UPLC-MS / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for determination of chloramphenicol residue in animal medicinal herbs.METHODS:UPLC-MS method was adopted.The determination was performed on SB-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-water (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 0.2 mL/min.The column temperature was 35 ℃,and sample size was 20 μL.The ion source was a jet stream ion focusing electrospray ion source.The temperature and flow of drying gas were 350 ℃ and 5 L/ min,and those of sheath gas were 250 ℃,11 L/min,and capillary voltage was 3 500 V.Negative ion scanning mode was conducted with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode.RESULTS:The linear ranges of thiamphenicol,florfenicol and chloramphenicol were 0.5-15 ng/mL(r were 0.999 8,0.999 9,0.998 9,respectively).The limits of quantitation were 0.03,0.03,0.15 μg/kg,and the limits of detection were 0.01,0.01,0.05 μg/kg.RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 3.0％.The recoveries were 84.00％-112.80％ (RSD=10.15％,n=9),88.24％-109.80％ (RSD=7.11％,n=9),88.24％-99.02％ (RSD=3.91％,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,precise,stable and reproducible,and can be used for determination of chloramphenicol in animal medicinal herbs.

The efficacy of Atorvastatin in reducing recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma after single burr hole drainage and irrigation / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy of Atorvastatin in reducing the recurrence rate of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) after single burr hole drainage and irrigation.Methods Between January 2000 and May 2005 and between January 2013 and December 2015,122 patients with CSDH admitted to the Neurosurgery Department,Lanzhou General Hospital were treated with single burr hole drainage and irrigation under local anesthesia.All patients were classified into two groups.Patients in the treatment group (n=67) took Atorvastatin after operation and those in the control group (n=55) did not take Atorvastatin.Patient demographics,clinical characteristics,imaging data,Markwalder's Grading Scale (MGS) and recurrence rates were assessed.Results Preoperative clinical characteristics and MGS levels at discharge were similar between the two groups (all P＞0.05).The recovery rate of CSDH was 98.5％ in the treatment group,without recurrence or death.The recovery rate of CSDH was 96.4％ in the control group,with four cases of relapse,making up a recurrence rate of 7.3 ％ (4/55).As a result,the recurrence rates were statistically significantly different between the two groups (x2 =5.038,P =0.039).Conclusions Atorvastatin can significantly reduce the recurrence rate of CSDH after single burr hole drainage and irrigation.

Research progress of VEGF and brain injury repair mechanism / 国际外科学杂志

Stem cell treatment for traumatic brain injury is the focus of current research.But there are still a lot of problems for stem cell transplantation,for example Immune rejection,low survival rate,and so on.Research on the recruitment of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to the injured part,and directionally induce the differentiation of neurons to repair the damage,thus become a research hotspot for the craniocerebral injury treatment.Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor are widely distributed in the central nervous system.VEGF can promote cerebral microcirculation remodeling and induce MSCs to different toward the blood vessel endothelium.It can also inhibit neuronal death and apoptosis and directionally recruit and induce autologous neural progenitor cells and MSCs to different toward nerve cells.Formed between VEGF,MSCS and neurotrophin network mechanisms to promote brain repair.This self repair treatment is expected to be a good prospect of research plans.

Research progress on relationship between histone code and glio-blastoma / 中国肿瘤临床

Histone codes are characterized by the type, location, and modification of amino acids in proteins. Recent research has shown that histone codes are closely related to glioblastoma (GBM). In GBM cells, the combined effects of various effector proteins and histone-modified target sites control the state of chromatins, which further affects the epigenetic phenomena, including GBM cell DNA replication and gene expression and regulation. GBM histone code information exists in histone acetylation, methylation, phos-phorylation, ubiquitination, and other post-translational modification processes. Briefly, this study on the relationship between histone code and GBM provides further molecular targets to develop the clinical diagnosis and treatment of GBM.

The study of psychological situation on different people in different stages after the earthquake / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the psychological situation on people who experienced after earthquake in yushu ,the rela-tives far away from the earthquake ,rescue workers ,the general population far away from the earthquake zone .From investigation to provide powerful evidence for the crisis intervention .Methods PTSD Checklist (PCL-C) ,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) ,Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) ,Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)were used on the victims to survey different groups of people in different stages .Results The detection rate of PTSD ,anxiety ,depression about different groups of people in different stages were different ,The detection rate of PTSD ,anxiety ,depression and SCL-90 factor scores in the same crowd as the time went on showed a downward trend .The detection rate of PTSD ,anxiety ,depression and SCL-90 factor scores in different people showed a downward trend with the increase of distance from the hypocenter .Conclusion There are different degrees of psychological problems to differ-ent groups of people in different stages ,we should strengthen psychological intervention efforts to improve the ability to stress e-vents .

Clinical characteristics of patients with ketosis-onset diabetes / 中华全科医师杂志

A total of 105 patients with ketosis-onset diabetes were divided into four groups (A+B-,A + B +,A - B -,A - B +) based on the results of islet-associated autoantibodies (A +,A - ) and β-cell function (B +,B - ).Nearly 94％ patients in the A -B + group and 1/10 patients in the A - B - group were non-insulin dependent.While in the A + B - and A + B + groups,the detection rates of subsequent non-insulin dependency were 20％ and 58％,respectively.Among the four groups,patients in the A - B + groups had a lower level of IL-6 and a higher level of TNF-α. Patients in the A + B - and A + B + groups had a higher level of IL-18.Our study indicates that patients with ketosis-onset diabetes may present different clinical characteristics. Evaluate the islet-associated autoantibodies and pancreatic β-cell function may be helpful to the clinical diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in diabetes.